SEARCH.CREATE - Upstash Documentation

Use SEARCH.CREATE to create a search index over JSON, hash, or string values, or over a stream. ON names the type of key to index and PREFIX the key prefixes to watch, so the index covers exactly the keys that match both, including keys written after it was created. The SCHEMA then declares which fields are searchable and how: TEXT fields are analyzed for full-text search, with NOSTEM and NOTOKENIZE to turn parts of that off, numeric, boolean, and date fields are matched exactly and can be marked FAST to make them usable for sorting and scoring, and KEYWORD and FACET fields are kept whole for exact matching and faceting. FROM maps a schema field to a differently named field in the document. ON STREAM indexes a single stream instead of a set of keys, so it takes the stream key in place of PREFIX. Each entry added with XADD becomes a document whose fields are the entry’s fields and whose ID is the entry ID, which is what makes a stream searchable by content rather than only by ID range. Entries removed from the stream leave the index as well. TEXT, KEYWORD, U64, I64, F64, and DATE fields can index multiple values. Store the field as a JSON array; for hash and stream indexes, store the complete JSON-encoded array in the field string. Each valid element is indexed separately, and a document matches when any element matches. BOOL and FACET fields remain single-valued. Creating an index starts an initial scan of the matching keys, which SKIPINITIALSCAN skips when you only want to index data written from now on. EXISTSOK makes the command succeed instead of failing when the index already exists. See Index Management for a feature-level guide to creating indexes and Schema Definition for field types and schema design.

Upstash Redis Search uses SEARCH.* commands. They are separate from and incompatible with the FT.* commands in the open-source RediSearch module.

Syntax

SEARCH.CREATE <name>
  ON <JSON|HASH|STRING> PREFIX <count> <prefix> [<prefix> ...]
  | ON STREAM <stream-key>
  [LANGUAGE <language>]
  [SKIPINITIALSCAN]
  [EXISTSOK]
  SCHEMA
    <field> TEXT [NOSTEM] [NOTOKENIZE] [FROM <source_field>]
    | <field> <U64|I64|F64|BOOL|DATE> [FAST] [FROM <source_field>]
    | <field> <KEYWORD|FACET> [FROM <source_field>]
    [...]

Arguments

Argument	Description
`ON`	Type of Redis value to index: `JSON`, `HASH`, `STRING`, or `STREAM`. A `STRING` value must contain a JSON object.
`PREFIX`	One or more key prefixes. Prefixes in the same index cannot be duplicates or overlap one another. Not allowed with `ON STREAM`.
`<stream-key>`	Key of the stream to index. Required with `ON STREAM`, and given in place of `PREFIX`.
`LANGUAGE`	Stemming language for `TEXT` fields. Defaults to `english`. Supported values are `arabic`, `danish`, `dutch`, `english`, `finnish`, `french`, `german`, `greek`, `hungarian`, `italian`, `norwegian`, `portuguese`, `romanian`, `russian`, `spanish`, `swedish`, `tamil`, and `turkish`.
`SKIPINITIALSCAN`	Create the index without scanning existing keys. Later writes are still indexed.
`EXISTSOK`	Return `0` when an index with the same data type, prefixes, and schema already exists. A configuration mismatch returns an error.
`SCHEMA`	One or more field definitions. `SCHEMA` must be the final top-level clause.

Schema field options

Option	Valid field types	Description
`FAST`	`U64`, `I64`, `F64`, `BOOL`, `DATE`	Store the field for operations such as sorting and aggregations. Score functions accept `FAST` fields of type `U64`, `I64`, or `F64`.
`NOSTEM`	`TEXT`	Index text without stemming words to their roots.
`NOTOKENIZE`	`TEXT`	Index the entire value as one token.
`FROM <source_field>`	All field types	Read the value from a different document field or nested dot path while exposing it under `<field>` in the index.

TEXT, KEYWORD, U64, I64, F64, and DATE fields accept multiple values. A field whose value is a JSON array is indexed element by element, and a document matches when any valid element matches. See Multi-value fields for data-type-specific input formats and query behavior.

Response

Returns 1 when the index is created. With EXISTSOK, returns 0 if the existing index has the same data type, prefixes, and schema. Returns an error for a different configuration or when <name> is already used by a non-index Redis key.

Examples

Redis CLI

SEARCH.CREATE products ON JSON PREFIX 1 product: SCHEMA name TEXT price F64 FAST inStock BOOL

# Index a stream instead of a set of keys
SEARCH.CREATE events ON STREAM stream:events SCHEMA message TEXT level KEYWORD

@upstash/redis

import { Redis, s } from "@upstash/redis";

const redis = Redis.fromEnv();

const products = await redis.search.createIndex({
  name: "products",
  dataType: "json",
  prefix: "product:",
  schema: s.object({
    name: s.string(),
    price: s.number("F64"),
    inStock: s.boolean(),
  }),
});

upstash_redis

from upstash_redis import Redis

redis = Redis.from_env()

products = redis.search.create_index(
    name="products",
    data_type="json",
    prefixes="product:",
    schema={
        "name": "TEXT",
        "price": {"type": "F64", "fast": True},
        "inStock": "BOOL",
    },
)

ioredis

import IORedis from "ioredis";
import { createSearch, s } from "@upstash/search-ioredis";

const redis = new IORedis(process.env.REDIS_URL!);
const search = createSearch(redis);

const products = await search.createIndex({
  name: "products",
  dataType: "json",
  prefix: "product:",
  schema: s.object({
    name: s.string(),
    price: s.number("F64"),
    inStock: s.boolean(),
  }),
});

node-redis

import { createClient } from "redis";
import { createSearch, s } from "@upstash/search-redis";

const client = await createClient({ url: process.env.REDIS_URL })
  .on("error", console.error)
  .connect();
const search = createSearch(client);

const products = await search.createIndex({
  name: "products",
  dataType: "json",
  prefix: "product:",
  schema: s.object({
    name: s.string(),
    price: s.number("F64"),
    inStock: s.boolean(),
  }),
});

redis-py

import os
import redis

client = redis.from_url(os.environ["REDIS_URL"])
result = client.execute_command(
    "SEARCH.CREATE",
    "products",
    "ON",
    "JSON",
    "PREFIX",
    "1",
    "product:",
    "SCHEMA",
    "name",
    "TEXT",
    "price",
    "F64",
    "FAST",
    "inStock",
    "BOOL",
)
print(result)

go-redis

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)

func main() {
    opts, err := redis.ParseURL(os.Getenv("REDIS_URL"))
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    client := redis.NewClient(opts)
    result, err := client.Do(
        context.Background(),
        "SEARCH.CREATE",
        "products",
        "ON",
        "JSON",
        "PREFIX",
        "1",
        "product:",
        "SCHEMA",
        "name",
        "TEXT",
        "price",
        "F64",
        "FAST",
        "inStock",
        "BOOL",
    ).Result()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(result)
}

jedis

import java.net.URI;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

try (Jedis jedis = new Jedis(new URI(System.getenv("REDIS_URL")))) {
  Object result = jedis.sendCommand(
      () -> "SEARCH.CREATE".getBytes(),
      "products",
      "ON",
      "JSON",
      "PREFIX",
      "1",
      "product:",
      "SCHEMA",
      "name",
      "TEXT",
      "price",
      "F64",
      "FAST",
      "inStock",
      "BOOL"
  );
  System.out.println(result);
}

redis-rs

fn main() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
    let url = std::env::var("REDIS_URL").expect("REDIS_URL is not set");
    let client = redis::Client::open(url)?;
    let mut connection = client.get_connection()?;

    let mut command = redis::cmd("SEARCH.CREATE");
    command.arg("products");
    command.arg("ON");
    command.arg("JSON");
    command.arg("PREFIX");
    command.arg("1");
    command.arg("product:");
    command.arg("SCHEMA");
    command.arg("name");
    command.arg("TEXT");
    command.arg("price");
    command.arg("F64");
    command.arg("FAST");
    command.arg("inStock");
    command.arg("BOOL");
    let result: redis::Value = command.query(&mut connection)?;
    println!("{result:?}");
    Ok(())
}

curl

curl -X POST https://YOUR_ENDPOINT.upstash.io \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN" \
  -d '["SEARCH.CREATE", "products", "ON", "JSON", "PREFIX", "1", "product:", "SCHEMA", "name", "TEXT", "price", "F64", "FAST", "inStock", "BOOL"]'

​Syntax

​Arguments

​Schema field options

​Response

​Examples

Syntax

Arguments

Schema field options

Response

Examples